Quasi-Experimental Group Design To Compare Recidivism...

Methods Research Design The current study will utilize a quasi-experimental group design to compare recidivism rates of opioid offenders in drug courts compared to offenders on probation. Since, random assignment to control and experimental groups are not feasible, the two groups will be matched on various demographic characteristics as well as the current choice of drug. The data will be collected on all participants that have entered the Brooklyn Treatment Court, NY (BTC) in the second judicial district, and a comparison group of offenders on traditional probation. Sample The BTC offers substance abuse treatment for nonviolent felony and misdemeanor drug offenders arrested in Brooklyn as an alternative to incarceration. Therefore, the†¦show more content†¦The primary interest within the independent variable is to determine whether participation in drug courts decreases the probability of recidivism. To evaluate this concern, the current study will analyze whether receiving treatment in a drug court versus the comparison group of probationers will affect various outcomes. Finally, gender, race, age, and education will also be included in the analysis as control variables. Dependent Variable. The effectiveness and the impact of the drug court will be assessed by analyzing the recidivism rates between the treatment group and the comparison group of probationers. Recidivism will be measured by examining both felony and misdemeanor charges and arrests, and drug related arrests will further be examined. Outcome data pertaining to arrests will be collected from the months of June, July, and August of 2016, allowing for an average follow-up time of 517 days. The data to be collected will include official rearrest results upon the completion of the drug treatment program and upon the completion of a probation sentence for the comparison group. Through the arrest results, further examination will be conducted on the severity of the crimes committed and whether they involved drug offenses. Data Collection To assess the effectiveness of drug court programs on opioid offenders compared to offenders sentenced to traditional probation, official arrest results will be gathered from the database of the New York City police department

George Washington Carver Difficult Path to Great...

George Washington Carver was born on July 12, 1864, during the Civil War, in Diamond Grove, Missouri. He was one of many children born to Mary and Giles, an enslaved couple owned by Moses Carver. Just a week after his birth, George was kidnapped along with his sister and mother. All of the three were sold in Kentucky, and among them the only who was located was infant George by an agent of Moses Carver, whom then returned George back to Missouri. Moses Carver and his wife, Susan, kept George and his brother James at their home after that time when the Civil War ended in 1865, which it brought an end to slavery in Missouri. They raised and educated both of the two boys. Susan taught George how to read and write, since at that time, no local school accepted black students. As George grew up, the search for knowledge was a struggle for the rest of his life. As a young man, he had to travel 10 miles away from his home to a school for black children. He had attended several schools before he received his diploma, which was at Minneapolis High School in Minneapolis, Kansas. George Washington Carver was approved at Highland College in Highland, Kansas, but was denied automatically once college administrators figure out his race. Whilst interested in science, Carver was also interested in the arts. He then began studying art and music at Simpson College in Iowa, in 1890, expanding his painting and drawing skills through sketches of plant samples. Therefore, as forShow MoreRelatedThe Vietnam War And Impact Of The Tet Offensive On American Ideology4408 Words   |  18 PagesOffensive a Concise History, James H. Willbanks argues that the Tet Offensive had political implications and that the offensive had its greatest impact on the political arena. As many historians see that the troubled relationship existed between Washington and Saigon. However, historian Edwin Moise disagrees in what motivated as he argues, â€Å"It is not entirely clear to what extent this extraor dinary gamble was based on hopes it could achieve its maximum goals-causing a real collapse of the RepublicRead MoreThe Tet Offensive Of The Vietnam War4649 Words   |  19 PagesOffensive a Concise History, James H. Willbanks argues that the Tet Offensive had political implications and that the offensive had its greatest impact on the political arena. As many historians see that the troubled relationship existed between Washington and Saigon. However, historian Edwin Moise disagrees in what motivated as he argues, â€Å"It is not entirely clear to what extent this extraordinary gamble was based on hopes it could achieve its maximum goals-causing a real collapse of the RepublicRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagessuggest changes to the text, the author would appreciate your writing to him at dowden@csus.edu. iv Praise Comments on the earlier 1993 edition, published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, which is owned by Cengage Learning: There is a great deal of coherence. The chapters build on one another. The organization is sound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quiteRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesto deny the African part of their heritage. And the truth is also that in Jamaica at that time the privileging of lighter-skinned people was standard practice. Rastas were confronting so many of these long-held notions and so were bound to face a great deal of resistance. What Edmonds manages to do here is offer us a way to appreciate the importance of Rastafarianism as a religious phenomenon that is consistent with much of what happens when religious groups and movements grow and develop. IndeedRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words   |  308 Pagesto any number of high-tech enterprises. Seeing the problem externalized in print has a sort of redemptive effect on people who have fallen prey to it in the past—it wasn’t all my fault! Moreover, like a good book on golf, its prescriptions give great hope that just by making this or that minor adjustment perfect results are bound to follow— this time we’ll make it work! And so any number of people cheerfully have told me that the book has become the Bible in their company. So much for the spiritual

History Of The Department Of Homeland Security Example For Students

History Of The Department Of Homeland Security The Department of Homeland Security is an agency made up of 22 different federal agencies which were combined in an effort to streamline the United States effectiveness in defending our nation. The Department of Homeland Security states its core mission include â€Å"prevent terrorism and enhancing security, secure and manage our borders, enforce and administer our immigration laws, safeguard and secure cyberspace, ensure resilience to disasters† (Department of Homeland Security, 2015). DHS employs over 240,000 employees tasked with various responsibilities and in 2016 has a budget of $41.2 billion. The Department of Homeland Security was created in response to attacks that occurred on the world trade center on September 11 2001. At the time of this writing there have been four secretaries of the department of Homeland Security appointed by two different presidents. The attacks on the world trade center would change the how the United States viewed terrorism and how it organized its domestic defense. The agencies that make up The Department of Homeland Security, individually have an immense amount of responsibilities and they all bring a vast amount of expertise to the DHS. Even though these numerous agencies help make up the DHS the issues of changing structures and combining multiple agencies in a new agency would prove challenging. The DHS is consistently scrutinized by the American people as well as the government of the United States, with different issues occurring within its vast agencies it has created a new challenge for the DHS to face. Listed below is short history as well as an overview of the agencies that make it up the Department of Homeland Security. HISTORY The Department of Homeland Security was originally suggested by the U.S. Commission on National Security/21st Century in February 23 1999. They wrote in the phase III report â€Å"We therefore recommend the creation of an independent National Homeland Security Agency (NHSA) with responsibility for planning, coordinating, and integrating various U.S. government activities involved in homeland security† (The United States Commission on National Security/21st Century, 2001). While this was suggested in the report, congress would not take any action. The Attacks on the world trade center on September 11 would fast track the need for the sharing information and intelligence across multiple agencies. The first Director of the Office of Homeland Security would be appointed on September 22 2001, just eleven days after the attack on world trade center (Department of Homeland Security, 2015). Tom Ridge would be appointed by President George W. Bush to the position of Director of the Office of Homeland Security. Tom Ridge previously a member of the House of Representatives and Governor of the state of Pennsylvania. Would serve as the Director Homeland Security until 2005. The Department of Homeland Security would begin in after the attacks on the United States. The Office of Homeland Security and the Homeland Security Council would be officially created by President George w. Bush on October 8, 2001 with the issuing of Executive Order 13228 (Federation of american scientists, n.d.). The Department of Homeland security would be made official by the Homeland Security Act of 2002. The bill was passed by congress and signed by President George W. Bush in 2003. AGENCIES There were 22 agencies that made up the Department of Homeland Security, This will give a brief overview of the agencies and what they do. The U.S. Customs Service dating back to the formation of the United States, tasked with collecting tariffs on incoming goods for from foreign countries. Today members of Immigration inspectors, U.S. Customs Service, Agriculture inspectors, and Border Patrol agents make up U.S. Customs and Border Protection (U.S. Customs and Border Protection, n.d.). The Immigration and Naturalization Service established in 1864 as a federal immigration agency. In 1933 the new Immigration and Naturalization Service was made by Executive Order 6166 signed by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt as member of the department of justice (LERNER, 2004). Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) became a part of The Department of Homeland Security in 2003. The Federal Protective Service origins began 1790 with the presidential authorization allowing the appointment of commissioner’s to create federal land for us government use. The commissioners employed six security guards that guarded buildings that would be used a government buildings. The FPS would evolve over time becoming a member of the public building service and guard a large amount of America’s federal interest (House Report 106-676 FEDERAL PROTECTIVE SERVICE REFORM ACT OF 2000 , n.d.). Catcher In The Rye Essay ConclusionNational Infrastructure Protection Center created in 1998 under the Federal Bureau of Investigation. NIPC was made up of multiple agencies responsible for defense agencies included FBI, CIA, NSA, Department of Transportation, Department of Energy, and Department of Defense (Free Encyclopedia of Ecommerce , n.d.). NIPC became the Office of Infrastructure Protection who responsible is to protect national infrastructure. Energy Security and Assurance Program designed to ensure energy protection originally handled by the department of Energy would be dispersed into the Office of Infrastructure Protection (The Department of Homeland Security, 2015). U.S. Coast Guard beginnings date back to the American Revolution was one of the first military organizations in the United States pre dating the formation of the US Navy. The U.S. Coast Guard originally functioned as revenue cutters. The U.S. Revenue Service and the U.S. Life-Saving Service would be joined together in 1915 to create the U.S. Coast guard known today. The US Coast Guard has 11 missions and they are defined as â€Å" Ports, waterways, and coastal security, Drug interdiction, Aids to navigation, Search and rescue, Living marine resources, Marine safety, Defense readiness, Migrant interdiction, Marine environmental protection, Ice operations, Other law enforcement† (United States Coast Guard, 2014). The U.S. Coast Guard can operate under the Department of the Navy upon presidential directive. The US Coast Guard was transferred form the Department of Transportation to the Department of Homeland security in 2003. U.S. Secret Service established in 1865 to stop counterfeiting of currency and then expanded to investigate fraud against the US Government. Under the Department of Treasury they would also become tasked with presidential protection. Today they are responsible for multiple different responsibilities including protection of leaders of different countries as well as those of the United States and investigations in to fraud financially, electronically, and communications (United States Secret Service , n.d.). The US Secret Service was transferred form the Department of Treasury to the Department of Homeland Security in 2003. SECRETARIES. There has been four secretaries of The Department of Homeland security, they are listed below. Tom Ridge: January 24, 2003 – February 1, 2005. Tom Ridge previously a member of congress and a governor of the state of Pennsylvania, was the first person to become the secretary of the DHS by President George W. Bush (The Department of Homeland Security, 2014). Michael Chertoff February 15, 2005 – January 21, 2009 was the second secretary of DHS he previously was a federal judge on the U.S. court of appeals, federal prosecutor, and a United States District attorney for the state of New Jersey. He is accredited in strengthening many of the programs in the DHS. Michael Chertoff was also appointed by President George W. Bush (The Department of Homeland Security, 2014). Janet Napolitano January 20, 2009 – September 6, 2013 was previously governor of the State of Arizona and appointed as the third Secretary of the DHS my President Barak Obama (The Department of Homeland Security, 2013). Jeh Johnson December 23, 2013 – is the fourth secretary of the DHS previously work in National Security, law enforcement and also work as was General Counsel of the Department of the Air Force. Secretary Johnson was appointed to secretary of the DHS by President Barack Obama and is the current secretary (The Department of Homeland Security, 2014). DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TODAY. The DHS has had a lot of hurdles from its creation and still to this day battles with concerns of relevance and budgetary issues. The future will bring with it a lot of changes in how the Department of Homeland security will operate. With Cyber-attacks increasing and the ever present risk of terrorist attacks from foreign and domestic terrorist the DHS will need to keep one step ahead of new emerging threats. FEMA is still living in the shadow of its response to the disaster during hurricane Katrina, it received positive response for its response to hurricane Sandy. The Secret Service faces issues with break-ins to the white house and misconduct scandals, all of which reflects poorly on the DHS. Reports have recently been issued which paint the DHS in a poor light as far as working conditions for employees. No government group or agency has been without its blemishes and the fact the DHS is relatively young it will continue it should be able to improve and meet the demands of securing the nation.

Palace walk free essay sample

Patriarchy in simple terms can be defined as a system or government in which men hold the power and status, in comparison to women who are largely excluded. Throughout this assignment, particular attention will be placed upon issues surrounding patriarchal culture and the effects of the British colonial rule. Furthermore, the manners in which patriarchy manifests itself in regards to human relationships and behaviour will also be discussed, as well as the effect of power relations on the ability of people to self-actualise. Examples of two of the characters from within the book ‘Palace Walk’ will be used, in order to assist our understanding further on situations which relate to patriarchy. Other points which will be taken into consideration will focus on the secular and religious challenges faced by Muslim intellectuals, activists and reformers. The views and ideas of Ramadan, Ibrahim, Mahmood and Badran will be looked into and discussed throughout this assignment, alongside other theories/theorists relating to these issues. Research carried out by Millet (2000) suggested that hierarchy is described as a structure within society, in which women are placed firmly in a subordinate role. The hierarchal rule `proposes that the man possesses more power in comparison to the woman and this suggestion is carried on into the patriarchal system. Lerner (1986) also agrees with the idea that patriarchy refers to the male being in a position of authority. This assumption forms the basis of society and shows how society as a whole places men and women in to roles which they deem accordingly. Work carried out by Millet (2000) implies that men and women are actually socialised into certain roles from early childhood. In regards to boys, the role of playing a figure of ‘leader’ through play association and the influences of other male family members unconsciously places the child in a position of dominance. On the other hand girls are assumed to possess the ability to take part in a so called ‘caring’ role. Millet (2000) agrees with Lerner (1986) that through patriarchy, the male species is placed in an authoritative position and this allows the male to assume ownership over the female. Millet (2000) goes on to explain further that this position of authority and dominance may have a negative effect in certain cases and can allow situations such as emotional and physical abuse to take place. An example of patriarchy can be extracted from the book ‘Palace Walk’ in which Fahmy, the son of Ahmed, finds himself in a subordinate position within the home. His father Ahmed uses his power gained through the association with patriarchy to keep his family in line. This has led to Fahmy being unable to self-actualise as Maslow (1943) says is possible through the attainment of certain needs. In the case of Fahmy, his ability to self-actualise has been impeded by his father and his father’s religious beliefs thus not allowing him the freedom of choice with regard his place in society nor allowing him the freedom to choose his bride. The same can be said for Ahmed’s other siblings they have all been deterred from self-actualisation by the implementation of Islamic beliefs and values upon them, and their inability to have a choice in how they pursue their lives. Fahmy is subjected to emotional strain just from the tone of his father’s voice when being spoken to. Ahmed relies on being a disciplinarian as a means to controlling his family and asserting his status within the patriarchal family. Ahmed’s expectations from his family require them to respect him at all times and this is done by evoking fear within them, as a means of keeping control of his family. Ahmed’s family are expected to behave in an extremely devout way, worshiping him just as they would their religion. This type of discipline and strain is the reason why his wife and siblings keep a lot of what goes on in their lives from him. Lies and being evasive about their lifestyle is evident, however this provides them with a comfort zone from their authoritarian ruler but deters their own self-actualisation. In reference to patriarchal culture and colonialism, the western society perceives them-selves to be the more dominant force within civilisation and aim to maintain their role as the holder of power within the hierarchal structure through the use of dominance. The notion of white males being more superior in contrast to blacks or other cultures has provided a false belief of power. The East are led to feel that taking on the persona of the white man has caused them to lose their diversity of culture and traditions and has in turn led to resentment and hatred towards the western cultures and  values. These influences in power have led to attempts at colonialism by Eastern populations over their Western counterparts. The aims of the British to assume power over Egypt many centuries ago has influenced how the East perceives the West, and how this has led to the eastern communities’ response to colonialism as a whole. This hierarchical approach led the way to British dominance, and the loss of identity for Egypt. The more control taken by the British, the more British Egypt became. The whole issue of colonialism was formed around the Western idea of power, money and business and the need to accumulate wealth. Traditional responses to colonialism can be seen within Palace Walk (1991). Firstly the response of Ahmed was to support the nationalist movement by payments to the cause. However, Ahmed did assume that his time was more important and he should devote this to his work and family rather than nationalism. In contrast Fahmy, the son of Ahmed, was a devout nationalist supporter, dedicating his time to the cause, distributing pamphlets and ultimately sacrificing his life in an attempt to over throw colonialism in Egypt. The more common responses to the protectorate of the British being in place are the formation of revolutionary organisations which claim to protect the identity of Islam. They are well known for their use of violence to educate the public in their beliefs. The Muslim Brotherhood began life as a religious organisation, educating those who could not read and write, and teaching Islam. During the time of British rule the Muslim Brotherhood, founded by Hassan-al-Banna saw an increase in interest in its beliefs, as they began to oppose British rule. Egyptian nationalists have often blamed the Muslim brotherhood for violence during this era, and have often held them responsible for atrocities which took part. The Muslim Brotherhood are responsible for the organisation of Hamas, an Islamic movement created as a means for resistance to British and Western control of the East. Further groups have been founded besides the Nationalists however these have had varying degrees of effect, and have resulted in terrorism being used in the name of Islam and the Arab nations. Western cultures have spread across the Middle East along with western economic and political control. By introducing these Western ideas has only lead to the growth of Arab nationalism. Their powerful influences towards education have led to improvements in medical care and by introducing techniques from the west in agriculture and industry. However, the Arab world has felt the domination from the West was in favour for the nations of Europe at their expense. Arab intellectuals have debated whether modernization of Islam would be a positive and effective route to take for the removal of Western domination. Ramadan (2004) has stated that western democracies will not survive if the West keeps on defining opposition to Islam. He says that we need to create a world where difference is valued. In doing so it is up to the ordinary people to create interpersonal dynamics that foster ‘knowledge, respect and trust’. Ramadan (2004) suggests that encouraging all Muslims to think critically will contribute to radical reform, which will lead them from struggling to find a way forward to a creative transformational reformation of Islam. In order to build this radical reform, Ramadan (2004) has devised an approach which is known as the ‘Seven C’s’. He suggests that Muslims need to have confidence in themselves about their contribution to history through education in order to develop better knowledge of one self. Through consistency they need to have the capacity to critique Muslim societies and practices and not idealize one’s values by contributing and helping Europeans and fellow Muslims move beyond integration. Having a creative mind will increase their capacity for initiative and risk, which leads onto communication by defining concepts in showing intellectual and cultural empathy to themselves and others. They must also contest to where they feel there are unfair practices, for example within the home, religion or secular societies which then leads to compassion for oneself and others. Ramadan believes that by living out this framework, Muslims can promote discourses that advance peace, critical reflection, dignity, freedom and justice. ‘Demand justice and give love’. (p89). According to Ramadan (2004) Islam does not take a one dimensional approach. Islam respects the views and opinions of other western and European cultures whilst remaining faithful to its fundamental religious principles. The East wishes to keep their traditions and culture however they feel that their approach must be modernised. Islam according to Ibrahim (2007) has not been critiqued for over a thousand years and must be looked at from all angles and changed to reflect modern societal requirements. Ibrahim suggests that to understand Islamic thinking, one has to take a historical approach. In doing so he says that when reading the Qur’an, you need to understand the basic heritage of Islam so that this will enable the youngsters of the 21st century to develop modern Islamic thinking and be faithful to their religion. Ibrahim (2007) emphasises the need to respect history and use this as a foundation to move forward, but this must be combined with political minded thought. The dispute between the factions of government and religion has resulted in the manipulation of the Eastern society to benefit the aims of either party. This can be seen as a patriarchal approach, the need to gain superiority and domination of society and influence others through your own beliefs. As discussed briefly in this piece Ibrahim (2007) says that the way forward is to modernise Islam. Ibrahim (2007) also argues that freedom is a core Islamic value and is mentioned within the Qur’an, and the use of this central value to form the basis of society is imperative in creating a society which is based on solid Islamic culture. However in comparison to this theory Badran (1995) states there has been a lack of education for women and young girls throughout the East for many centuries, influenced by the issue of patriarchy, placing them firmly within the home with no economic use to society. Women have been deterred from taking up employment as this is seen to be a challenge to the patriarchal norms of society. Their role as discussed by Miller (2000) is firmly within the home, socialised into subordination. It is often forgotten that Universities and schools have only appeared in the U.S over the last 100 years and in many other western countries barely over 50 years. Women’s feminist movements have used this issue as a basis for their argument for the right of women to an education. The Statute of Women’s Rights, was changed in order to give women some rights within society, for example the right to education, however, was not extended to include situations within  the home. Badran believes that Muslim women have created original forms of feminism, but still the West is sceptical as they believe the existence of such in Islam is impossible to achieve. It is the element of patriarchal power that women have been attacked for when they have tried to fight against this suppression. But today there is a growing movement amongst Muslim women steering away from the inherited patriarchal Islam towards egalitarian Islam. It has been talked about how the Qur’an mentions gender equality in Islam. Activists are using these new practices within societies in order to support a reformation of Muslim family law. Islamic feminism rejects the opposition between secular and religious and the east and west. They want to separate religion and state by the upholding of a secular state which can guarantee freedom of religion. Just because people identify themselves as secular does not necessarily mean that they are not religious or anti-religious. Ramadan spoke of the â€Å"importance of a constructive dialogue on shared values†. Islamic feminism has a lot to contribute and in order to promote further involvement of shared values one needs to rest assured that the values being shared are egalitarian values and not patriarchal ideas. In the 1970’s the women’s mosque movement began. The movement had a transformative effect on Egyptian society. The main goal of the women in the mosque movement was to ground everyday life in the practice of Islam by allowing oneself to control which direction they wanted their society to move in so that they didn’t lose sight. The contemporary piety movement in Egypt required the members of the community to teach one another the correct Islamic codes. It also brought the following changes such as providing services for the poor, the forms of public debate to financial management of households. As Mahmood (1962) discusses the mosque movement arose because there were perceptions that religious knowledge had become marginalized due to modern structures of secular dominance. Muslims have asked why the West has moved forward and we have been left behind. Three common responses are as follows. Firstly we as Muslims have strayed from the path of Islam. Secondly, we have failed to maintain our  status as a world power relinquishing our power to the West. Alongside this issue is the Eastern inability to maintain an equal status with the West and the future development of science, technology and politics. However, of most importance we have been unable to maintain an economic status resulting in the East being dominated and influenced on a large scale by Western values and business. This has resulted in the loss of cultural identity and mainstream values associated with Islam in favour of a less stringent approach which is dominated by political influence. Ibrahim (2007) puts forward the impression that in order for Islam to move forward there must be a separation of politics and religion. Religion may be used to influence society and individual decisions and tradition however politics are required to have no religious intervention but be based solely on the requirements of a nation and their future as a world power. The third response is to choose between reverting to the Golden Age of Islam based on Islamic values which have been seen as a stable setting for Eastern society, or move forward in an attempt to maintain equal power with the West by modernising Islam. These answers can be useful to a certain degree in analysing Eastern responses to colonialism. A move towards the Golden Age of Islam as seen by some Muslims as the way forward is often used to demonise the west and cause conflict. Freedom is a core Islamic value and is used by some factions as a reason for the use of terrorism in defence of their nation. The influence of the Muslim Brotherhood and Hamas has been substantial. Their revolutionary stance uses violence as a means to protect Islamic values. These groups have interpreted Islam for the benefit of their cause. There are many varying factors which need to be looked at for Islam and the Arab world to move forward in contemporary society. When such issues are addressed they will lead to a unified nation which is capable of maintaining itself as a world power alongside the West, although of greater importance will be the unification of its people in their aim for democracy and equality.

Sales Presentation Example free essay sample

Sales Presentation Our product is known as Sharon’s Lollies (lollipops). We have a variety of different lollipops all with their own multitude of flavors. Our prospecting methods are cold calling, direct mail, using our business website. Sharon’s Lollies is the only lollipop manufacturing/distributing company in American Samoa. We will write a custom essay sample on Sales Presentation Example or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is fairly new and very promising. This sales call is an initial sales call to try and start multiple business relationships with different retailers and wholesalers who are interested in selling lollipops. Customer Profile And Planning Sheet: 1. Shalhout Sons Retail P. O. Box 4761 Pago Pago, AS 96799 www. shalhoutretail. com Business Type: Retail Buyer: Mr. Said Shalhout (Owner) 2. TMC Wholesale P. O. Box 20545 Pago Pago, AS 96799 www. tmzws. com Business Type: Wholesale Buyer: Mr. Ele Kaulia (Owner) The objective of our company’s sale call is to establish a business relationship with a few retail and wholesale companies in American Samoa. Our objective is to sell our company’s product to local retail/wholesale companies to promote local businesses. Our method for our sales presentation is a small conference between our company representative and the projected customers. This way all projected customers can ask questions and input together. There is no local competition for our business. The only major competition that our company would have is major companies such as Tootsie Pops Blow Pops which both are very popular and favored on island. Although both companies are highly favored on island, Sharon’s Lollies has an advantage. Since Sharon’s Lollies is located on island costs for shipping handling are non-existent. Buying lollipops from our company is much cheaper than from companies off-island. Our approach is to contact random wholesale/retail businesses and inform them of our product and its benefits. Then we will set up plans to negotiate business. Marketing Plan Our research shows that lollipops are very popular in the island of American Samoa. People both young and old buy them every day. The major age group for consumers is the younger generation (ages 5-17). Since lollipops are now commonly sold at almost every store, school shop, random fundraiser, children are able to buy however many lollipops they want, whenever they want. With lollipops in such a great demand thanks to the many children of American Samoa, retail wholesale stores find themselves wasting so much money by buying lollipops from name brand companies in the states that have high prices plus shipping and handling. Unfortunately, American Samoa never had a local lollipop manufacturing/distributing company until now. Now with Sharon’s Lollies retail/wholesale stores will not be pestered by shipping costs and can help support our country’s economy during such a financially complicated time. Economics Our target market is retail/wholesale stores. The current demand that our customer has is that they need a cheaper way to buy multitudes of lollipops to re-sell to kids seventeen and younger. Our company’s potential growth depends on the participation of other companies in a business-like manner with our company. Our company has great potential and will most likely be very prosperous seeing that it will be the only Lollipop manufacturer on the island. There are a few barriers that face our company before we completely enter our new company in the business. Seeing how we are distributers our production cost will be very high. The problem with that is that we might lose money. It will take a while before anybody eats our candy do to the fact that it isn’t a brand name on the lollipop. Our future workers must all first learn the skills and train since our company is new and technology constantly changes. Technology would affect this lollipop making process. It would most likely make things much easier than it was before. Shipping costs is now a worry of the past. Our plan to overcome these obstacles is to first advertise properly and constantly so people will know and want to try â€Å"Sharon’s Lollies. The change of technology should benefit my company since it will help in making the sell a go! Our only problem is if the US goes into an even further financial slump we could be broke. Product Lollipops are basically and most importantly just hard candies with a small stick in it. The tightly wrapped white paper stick is a handle, and the hard candy lollipops are either sucked or bitten apart until eaten. Lollipops can come in all different sorts of shapes, colors, and sizes. From the â€Å"Tootsie Pops† to the â€Å"Dum Dum† lollipops, there are so many different types of lollipops. Even though lollipops come in different sizes and each lollipop seems different from the others, the lollipop is basically made by corn syrup, sugar, flavorings and water. Features and Benefits Sharon’s Lollies have a random assortment of lollipops. They have regular flavored lollipops (flavors include cherry, watermelon, grape, blueberry, green apple, etc. ). Another type of lollipop manufactured/distributed by our company is the â€Å"Gummy Pop†, a lollipop with a piece of gum in the center of it, in a variety of flavors (such as, cherry, watermelon, etc. . We also have â€Å"Choco Pops† and â€Å"Rocket Launchers†. â€Å"Choco Pops† are basically self-explanatory, a lollipop with a chocolate center (this lollipop also has multiple flavors such as raspberry, orange, etc. ). â€Å"Rocket Launchers† are Lollipops that are not circular but long and twisted to resemble a small little firecracker of some sort. Rocket Launchers are only one flavo r and that is wild cherry. A few after-sale services that our company provides is that delivery will of course be free seeing how we are the only distributor on our island. We also have a 100% money back guarantee if our customers are not satisfied with the products supplied to them. Customers Our target customers are retail stores and wholesales. Our customers are basically the ones who supply major grocery stores and super markets with food items and more. All of these businesses are located within American Samoa and are of small size. We here at Sharon’s Lollies give nothing but the best quality lollipops and are always ahead in technology for our company. As of the moment our prices are set but negotiable. We will discuss prices later on in our presentation. Competition Our only competition is major companies that are off-island such as Tootsie Pops and Charms Blow Pops. Both companies are located in the states far away from the island of American Samoa. They most likely will compete against our small company for American Samoa’s business/ Our company has two advantages though. Being that we are already located on the island, no expensive shipping costs will have to be made and potential customers will save money. Secondly, we pride ourselves in provided top-quality lollipops for our customers. Table 1: Competitive Analysis FACTORMeStrengthWeaknessCompetitor ACompetitor BImportance to Customer ProductsVariety of LollipopsXTootsie Pops (brand name)Blow Pops (brand name)3 Price$17 a box of lollipops (no shipping costs)XExpensive with and w/out shipping costsExpensive with and w/out shipping costs1 QualityTop QualityXMass-made, occasional defectsMass-made, occasional defects3 SelectionVariety of Lollipops availableXOnly tootsie pop, then a assortment of chocolatesOnly blow pops2 ServiceWe try to establish a relationship w/customersXTop Priority is that customers get their products. Top Priority is that customers get their products. 5 ReliabilityCompletely reliable or your money backXVery ReliableAlso reliable5 ExpertiseContinuous researching is always being doneXPros at the lollipop businessPros at the lollipop business3 Company ReputationNot well knownXWell known brand nameWell known brand name1 LocationOn the islandXIn the USIn the US2 Sales MethodCold-calling and ConferencesXContacted by customersContacted by customers1 AdvertisingTV, NewspaperXTV, Internet, Magazines, etc. TV, Internet, Magazines, etc. 1 Our company’s competitive advantages are that we strive to make top quality lollipops. Any defected ones will be tossed. We also are located on island which is more convenient for our potential customers. We offer a 100% money back guarantee if the customer is not satisfied and we always try to maintain a professional business relationship with each and every customer. Our competitive disadvantages are that our company being fairly new is not well known. We most likely will be bought out by major US companies for a while until we become a bit better known. Lastly, we are still fairly new to the business so there are most likely a few things that the major companies might know that we don’t. Nonetheless, we continuously do market researching every day to better familiarize ourselves with our products. Niche Strategy Our niche is the manufacturing and distribution of assortments of lollipops. We pride ourselves in providing nothing but top-quality lollipops or your money back. We also take pride in the fact that we are the first lollipop manufacturer/distributor on island. We plan on conferencing with random retail and wholesale owners to sell our products too. Our strategy is to cold-call major retail and wholesale owners on island and set up conferences with them to discuss further business relationships. We also have a business website for potential customers to check out send flyers and information packs via direct mail. Promotion We have a multitude of ways to promote our products. We have a business website that all interested customers are free to check out. We also placed ads in the newspapers and on TV. Flyers and information packets about our company were and can still be sent if wanted via direct mail or email. We will do this monthly so that our company definitely will get recognized. Lastly, the best type of advertisement is that of your friends. We have many promoters out there along with a network of friends who help spread the word about Sharon’s Lollies. We want our customers to see us as a professional business who strives for top quality and the ability to save our fellow island businesses a few bucks. We only plan on spending $350 a month on this. Pricing Our pricing is determined simply by comparing products with competition and viewing how much they charge and from there we make a reasonable price on our products. For example, a box of Charms Blow Pops would probably cost somewhere around $15 not including tax and shipping costs. After adding both the tax and shipping cost, those blow pops will probably come up to say $25 for that one box. Our company’s â€Å"Gummy Pops† are of much better quality and a box of them would probably cost $17 because there is no tax or shipping costs to be bothered with. So our company always finds a way to get profit but remain cheaper. In American Samoa, a lot of decisions are made on the price of an item. If the businesses on-island find a brand item that costs a lot, they most likely won’t get it if they can find a less known one that is cheaper. Proposed Location Our company’s warehouse and manufacturing plant will all be located in the village of big business, Tafuna. This location is very good since majority of our customers pass through here every day on random business affairs or just to get home. Our company would be properly situated in one of the bigger lands which resides close to shops that wholesales actually supply to. Parking is reasonable and it’s not too out of the way. It probably is what our customers are expecting to see hopefully want. Our competition is located in the states and it is better left at that because if they were to station down here it would hurt business. Distribution Channels Our products are sold to random retail and wholesale companies in American Samoa. FeatureAdvantageBenefit Variety of lollipopsMore chance at salesMore money for both us and customer Manufactured on islandNo shipping costs or taxBoth companies save money 100% money back guaranteeIf customer isn’t satisfied they can get their money backTrust is established between both parties SELL Sequence for each FAB: 1. We sell a variety of lollipops [feature]. This gives both our company and yours a chance at more sales [advantage]. That means that we both would be making more money [benefit]. Does that sound good? [trial closed] 2. Our lollipops are manufactured on island [feature]. That means you don’t have to pay any tax or shipping costs [advantage]. So, that means both your company and ours saves money [benefit]. Do you like that? [trial closed] 3. We give a 100% money back guarantee if you aren’t satisfied with our product [feature]. With that you can get all your money back and have no losses [advantage]. That establishes a good trust relationship with both companies [benefit]. Wouldn’t you like that? [trial closed] Select and write three closes indicating three different closing techniques. Closing 1. Well Mr. Shalhout would you like use to deliver this week or the next? Closing 2. Yes, well thanks for your time Mr. Kaulia. We will have your order in as soon as possible. Closing 3. Thank you for your time and support. So our company will have your order in by tomorrow, Mr. Shalhout.

Obesity Argumentative Essay Topics

Obesity Argumentative Essay TopicsHow to write an obesity argumentative essay topic? This is the first question that will come to your mind when you are asked this question. Writing a topic on obesity is definitely not an easy task. There are certain things that you have to keep in mind while trying to create a great essay topic.You will find that there are a lot of obesity argumentative essay topics that you can look up on the internet. However, you need to make sure that you do not select the wrong one. You should be able to pick the best essay topic for your students by doing some researches. Here are some of the things that you should look for while selecting an obesity essay topic.Firstly, the essay topic should be on a relevant topic. If you are looking to write an obesity argumentative essay topic, then it should be something that has a bearing on this particular topic. There are a lot of interesting topics that have already been written on so you can choose from them. If you do not like the idea of writing a topic on obesity, then you can always go in for something else.Secondly, the essay topics on obesity argumentative essay topics should be brief. You should not have to include every single detail about obesity in your essay. Remember that you will be writing on your own in a class or the other. Thus, you should be able to keep your essay concise so that you can finish it as soon as possible.Thirdly, you should keep the references handy. Remember that your students will not have access to the internet at all times. Therefore, the best way is to provide them with the necessary details as they come across them. Hence, you should ensure that you have the details in your hand so that you can refer to them whenever they require them.Fourthly, you should make sure that the essay topic on obesity is long. You can always do a keyword search on the internet to find the appropriate essay topic. You can also use the samples that you have found to help you in th e process.Fifthly, make sure that the essay topic on obesity is specific. You should know what kinds of statistics you should include and the facts that you should focus on. Do not just include any old piece of information since it is likely to turn out to be a duplicate of another topic. All these can make the overall research tedious.Make sure that you keep these points in mind while looking for the obesity argumentative essay topics that you should write on. These tips are sure to help you in the process. So, take time to study and do research on the subject of obesity.

How to Help Kids Learn Digraphs in Spelling and Sounds

How to Help Kids Learn Digraphs in Spelling and Sounds Digraphs are two letters that make a third letter sound, when combined, such as ch or sh. Many sight vocabulary words use digraphs, which may provide a springboard for exploring these letter pairs when helping students learn to read new and unfamiliar vocabulary.   When considering a spelling program and how to best help children learn the sounds of the English language, you will need to choose words that help them understand all of the 44 sounds. Part of those 44 sounds include the digraphs. It is also important to distinguish letter digraphs from letter blends, which are letters commonly paired whose individual sounds are created in concert, such as sl, pl, pr, sr, etc.  Often, children with disabilities have difficulty hearing and distinguishing letter blends, but consonant digraphs are easier because even the voiced and unvoiced digraphs (th) are made in the same way, with tongue placement in the same place. Often, students who have problems with identifying and/or hearing digraphs are also struggling with hearing (hard of hearing) or articulating (apraxia) the letter sound.  Students with these difficulties should be referred to audiologists or speech-language pathologists for assessment and/or services. The consonant digraphs are: ch, sh, th, ng (final sound) ph, and wh. Strategies for Teaching Common Words With Digraphs Introducing the Sound Use decodable books with consonant digraphs to introduce the sounds.  Use picture cards (chew, chop, chin, etc.)  to introduce the sounds.Use a double ch letter card with other letter cards to build words.  Have students build the same words with an individual pocket chart. Practicing the Sound Word Sorts:  Put lots of words with paired initial sounds in squares.  Have them cut out the words and paste them under the consonant digraph, i.e. chs include chip and ship, shop and chop.   Sounds Sound: ch as in chew Initial ch sound:  chew, chop, chips, choice, chance, chain, champ, chase, cheer, cheek, cheat, chase, chalk, choose Final ch sound: touch, each, reach, coach, ditch, ouch, beach, teach, ditch, lunch Sound: sh like in shy or rush Initial sh:  shadow, shade, shine, shop, shell, shout, shrub, shut, share, shower Final sh:   push, rush, fresh, wish, wash, fish, dish, trash, ash, rash Sound: the unvoiced th as in this the, then, they, there, their, this, them, these, that, though Sound: the voiced th as in thin thin, think, thick, thank, theft, thumb, tooth, truth, with, width Sound: wh as in why why, where, what, when, while, wheel, white, which, wheat, whistle Final Sound ng as in ring sing, sang, wing, bang, clang, bong, dung, sung, mung, clung, cling Sound:  ph as in phone Phillip, phantom, phonics, phase, phlox